Offenses And Their Consequences

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Offenses And Their Consequences
Offenses And Their Consequences

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Video: Offenses And Their Consequences
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Offenses and their consequences

Unfortunately, hurts have a permanent place in everyday life. However, people don't like to talk about them. Being offended is often mistakenly interpreted as weakness. Offenses are still difficult to investigate with the research methods developed so far. Offense is not a disease. It's a psychological reaction. Offensive reactions often develop insidiously. Above all in the course of the development of the personality, hurts are imprinted and influence the further life more or less strongly.

In the course of life, insults occur again and again - from birth to death. If they are well overcome, they strengthen sustainably. If not, they can even have a disease-causing influence. Offenses also have a constructive side, you can learn from them. Humiliation, on the other hand, is consistently damaging.

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  • What is meant by insult?
  • What happens in the case of an offense in the psyche / brain?
  • Illnesses and their effects on health
  • Offense: Risk & protective factors

What is meant by insult?

Offense is a process between the offended and the offended. Between these two is the actual offense, which contains a so-called offense message. It is perfectly normal to be offended, and not all offense is intentional. An insult is an injury to a person's honor, dignity, feelings and self-respect. It shakes one's own values as well as self-worth and the sense of justice. Offenses disappoint and can have a lasting negative effect. Self-insult is also possible. In order to understand insults, one should always keep an eye on the whole situation if possible.

From insult to devaluation to humiliation

Offensive actions include:

  • insult
  • Rejection
  • Shame / exposure
  • devaluation
  • Disregard / ignorance / being passed over
  • Contempt / withholding praise
  • ruthlessness
  • Lack of tact
  • Withdrawal of love / rejection

The most massive form of insult is humiliation, total humiliation. While insults can simply "happen" unintentionally, humiliations happen with purpose and in a kind of "power frenzy". You are highly aggressive and aim to humiliate your helpless counterpart. As a person affected, you are sometimes powerless to face humiliation. Unfortunately, even today there are situations in which humiliation is even socially accepted. It leads to shame and impotent anger. Humiliation can have very far-reaching consequences, from breaking off social relationships to suicide and terror. Physical and emotional violence or defamation can also result in legal consequences.

The Internet is also increasingly the scene of insults. You can find out what you should pay attention to when dealing with social media & Co. under Social Media, Internet & Co. and Young People & New Media.

What happens in the case of an offense in the psyche / brain?

A well-founded explanatory model is the concept of so-called affect logic. This assumes that affects / feelings and mind / cognition influence each other. Curiosity, fear and frustration are seen as particularly great psychological forces that also play an important role in the event of offense.

Frustration-injury spiral

The “frustration-mortification spiral” shows the interplay between self-worth and mortification in an understandable way. It begins with an injury that weakens self-worth. This is followed by shame, doubt, fear of new hurts and feelings of depression. Often these are also suppressed. To make up for these uncomfortable feelings, anger occurs. Sometimes there are feelings of revenge or even violent outbreaks. It all boils down to restoring one's self-worth, one's own integrity. However, this goal is usually exceeded, one devalues others. This leads to further injuries, from others and ultimately also from oneself. The calamity starts all over again and in turn takes its course from being hurt through doubt to anger and thirst for revenge etc.

This explanatory concept has proven itself particularly in crisis intervention and trauma therapy. Feeling and thinking and their interrelationships can also be explained as a social phenomenon. So offensive reactions can be very similar to those of trauma reactions. Often insults are chewed through over and over again, linger for a long time and are accompanied by fears, nervousness and overexcitation.

Body & mind in alarm mode

Offenses can go so far that one remains permanently in a kind of "alarm mode". This can be very stressful physically and emotionally. Feeling and understanding no longer communicate with one another undisturbed. Rigid bitterness follows. In this way, the offense always remains present, although the actual offense situation is long over. Illnesses are also likely to have a negative effect on so-called neuroplasticity (the ability of nerve cells to adapt). According to brain research, a part of the cerebral cortex, which is closely related to the limbic system, plays a major role in injuries. This is important for emotions.

Illnesses and their effects on health

Offense can lead to severe stress, which can sometimes also make you sick. For more information on the effects of stress on the body, see Stress: Effects on the Body and Mind.

Current or severe offense situations can promote anxiety disorders, depression, psychosomatic illnesses, eating disorders, addiction or burnout, among other things. Offensive reactions can “freeze” and result in bitterness. For embittered people there is apparently no way out of hurt, disappointment and injustice. Life appears colorless, all impressions and feelings are colored negatively. Parallels to depression can be seen here. Those affected are frustrated and resigned. The bitterness can go so far that it permanently weakens body and soul. The so-called post-traumatic bitterness disorder was developed as a model to explain this mental state. However, it is currently not included in the international diagnostic catalog of diseases.

Offense: Risk & protective factors

Offense is something deeply individual. No two people are alike here. Everyone has different points in which they are more or less vulnerable depending on the current situation. The more important the person in life is to us who offends us or the more positively he is seen in principle, the more serious the offense is. And the longer offenses last and the more often they are repeated, the more stressful they are. Of course, the type of offense is also decisive.

Whether we feel offended depends, among other things, on the following factors:

  • Mental and physical condition at the time of the offense
  • Current stressful and stressful situations
  • Previous life experiences
  • Trauma suffered (e.g. experiences of violence, birth defects)
  • Development deficits
  • Diseases
  • temperament
  • Level of self-confidence
  • Insecure ties
  • Internal attitude
  • External circumstances (e.g. in the immediate social environment and at work)

People with certain personality traits or disorders tend to be more offended or offended. Narcissists, for example, are very offensive, but also easily offended. Dissocial people are very offensive, but do not seem to be offensive. For more information on personality disorders, see Overview of Personality Disorders. In general, people who clearly show inconsiderate, tactless, aggressive and sadistic personality traits and who can hardly feel empathy tend to offend others. Highly sensitive people rarely offend anyone, but they are very susceptible to illness. Whether you offend yourself or someone else or not and to what extent, however, is never only dependent on personality traits.

Protecting good bonds and self-confidence

Unsatisfied needs for appreciation / recognition and love play a major role in offenses. They oscillate back and forth between too little and too much. Not only the withdrawal or refusal of love are particularly painful, but also the so-called lack of positive response. This means, for example, that someone feels love or gets involved, but does not experience any reciprocation or reaction.

For example, children also need sufficient attention and empathy or compassion for a healthy development into self-confident people. But “overprotection” can also have negative consequences and lead to a lack of independence and a lack of frustration tolerance. Young people and adults also need appreciation. So it is a basic human need.

A strong self-confidence, optimism and healthy pride also have a protective effect. A supportive social environment is also important. You can also strengthen your mental resilience. You can find out how under How to strengthen your psyche. You can find out how to overcome hurts and what you can do to make others less offensive under Anti-hurt tips.

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